Infection-Control Basics: A Common Sense Review for EMS Personnel

Since the late 1970's, a number of legal requirements regarding infection control have emerged for EMS personnel - yet some agencies remain confused about what they should and must do regarding infection control. This article reviews and clarifies the areas services should focus on to remain in compliance and keep up with current infection-control practices.

In 1991, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) published the Bloodborne pathogens Standard. To ensure proper exposure notification and medical follow-up, the Ryan White Law, passed in 1990, requires that every emergency response employer specify a Designated Officer (DO) for infection control. In 1999, OSHA began enforcing many Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations and guidelines.

The laws are in place; yet, to date, not all departments have complied. Some EMS and fire service agencies have misapplied the legal requirements and much valuable infection control dollars are inappropriately spent. In addition to that, most departments do not adequately educate and train their staff. And many EMS and fire personnel do not receive proper post-exposure medical follow-up and counseling.

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